Late Pleistocene hydrological settings at world heritage Tsodilo Hills (NW Kalahari, Botswana), a site of ancient human occupation
نویسندگان
چکیده
Based on genetic studies, a Pleistocene Kalahari “palaeo-wetland”, which spanned the region of Okavango Delta and Makgadikgadi Basin, was recently considered geographic origin evolutionary modern humans. It proposed that subsequent out-of-homeland migration induced by climate shifts. The Tsodilo Hills, are in relative proximity to Delta, represent site ancient human occupation since at least 100 ka. Local hydrological dynamics were predominately controlled variability archived sediments Palaeolake Tsodilo. This study seeks better understand Late environments people with focus palaeo-hydrological settings, played major role for their livelihoods. Our multidisciplinary approach included different remote sensing geophysical methods, comprehensive application differential GPS, sedimentological analyses concentrating lake beds. Four palaeo-shorelines could be identified, three indicate highstands during Tamacha palaeo-river drained towards Panhandle. Two MIS 3b LGM related periods largely increased fish consumption humans as has been documented archaeologists. palaeolake likely most extended about ka ago or earlier, when it covered ca. 70 km 2 16 m deep. A single (neo-)tectonic fault detected. We assume gateway reach Hills from these palaeo-wetlands. took advantage shelter weather hazards natural fortress against predators elephants. Geologically, comparatively calm. They represented relatively safe haven where social behaviour early evolve higher complexity, relates fundamental question began.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Quaternary science advances
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['2666-0334']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.qsa.2021.100022